A Comparison Of Machiavelli And Hobbes Politics Essay

A Comparison Of Machiavelli And Hobbes Politics Essay Machiavelli and Hobbes were the most significant political savants of early innovation. Strategically, modernitys most punctual stage begins with Niccolà ³ Machiavellis works which straightforwardly dismissed the medieval and Aristotelian style of breaking down governmental issues by correlation thoughts regarding how things ought to be, agreeable to reasonable examination of how things truly are. He likewise suggested that a point of governmental issues is to control ones own possibility or fortune, and that depending upon provision really prompts fiendish. Machiavelli contended, for instance, that savage divisions inside political networks are unavoidable, yet can likewise be a wellspring of solidarity which administrators and pioneers should represent and even energize in some ways.â [1]â Machiavellis suggestions were in some cases compelling upon lords and sovereigns, yet in the end came to be viewed as preferring free republics over governments. Machiavelli thusly influenced Francis Bacon, Marchamont Needham, Harrington, John Milton, David Hume, and numerous others.â [2]â Significant present day political tenets which originate from the new Machiavellian authenticity include Mandevilles compelling suggestion that Private Vices by the adroit Management of a skilful Politician might be transformed into Public Benefits (the last sentence of his Fable of the Bees), and furthermore the principle of a sacred division of forces in government, first obviously proposed by Montesquieu. Both these standards are cherished inside theâ constitutionsâ of mostâ modern popular governments. It has been seen that while Machiavellis authenticity saw an incentive to war and political viciousness, his enduring impact has been subdued with the goal that helpful clash was intentionally changed over however much as could be expected to formalized political battles and the monetary clash empowered between free, private enterprises.â [3]â As I said in the main section of this paper I will begin with Thomas Hobbes, endeavors were made to utilize the strategies for the new present day physical sciences, as proposed by Bacon and Descartes, applied to humankind and legislative issues. Outstanding endeavors to enhance the methodological methodology of Hobbes incorporate those of Locke, Spinoza, Giambattista Vicoâ and Rousseau. David Humeâ made what he viewed as the main legitimate endeavor at attempting to apply Bacons logical strategy to political subjects, dismissing a few parts of the methodology of Hobbes.â [4]â Pioneer republicanism transparently impacted the establishment of republics during the Dutch Revoltâ (1568-1609), English Civil Warâ (1642-1651), American Revolutionâ (1775-1783) and the French Revolutionâ (1789-1799 A second period of pioneer political intuition starts with Rousseau, who scrutinized the common discernment and sociality of humankind and proposed thatâ human natureâ was considerably more pliant than had been recently suspected. By this rationale, what makes a decent political framework or a decent man is totally reliant upon the possibility way entire individual has assumed control over history. This idea affected the political (and stylish) thinking of Immanuel Kant, Edmund Burkeâ and others and prompted a basic audit of innovator governmental issues. On the traditionalist side, Burke contended that this understanding supported alert and evasion of radical change. Anyway increasingly eager developments additionally formed from this understanding into humanâ culture, initially Romanticism and Historicism, and in the long run both the Communism of Karl Marx, and the advanced structures ofâ nationalismâ inspired by the French Revolution, including, in one ext raordinary, the German Nazi movement. Francis Bacon motivated by Machiavelli Francis Bacon (1561-1626) was one of the main figures in characteristic way of thinking and in the field of logical technique in the time of change from the Renaissance to the early current period. As a legal advisor, individual from Parliament, and Queens Counsel, Bacon composed on inquiries of law, state and religion, just as on contemporary governmental issues; however he additionally distributed messages in which he estimated on potential originations of society, and he contemplated inquiries of morals (Essays) even in his chips away at normal way of thinking (The Advancement of Learning).â [5]â After his examinations at Trinity College, Cambridge and Grays Inn, London, Bacon didn't take up a post at a college, however rather attempted to begin a political profession. In spite of the fact that his endeavors were not delegated with progress during the time of Queen Elizabeth, under James I he rose to the most noteworthy political office, Lord Chancellor. Bacons worldwide acclaim and impact spread during his last years, when he had the option to concentrate his energies only on his philosophical work, and significantly more so after his passing, when English researchers of the Boyle circle (Invisible College) took up his concept of an agreeable examination organization in their arrangements and arrangements for building up the Royal Society.â [6]â Bacons strategy for pervading his philosophical thoughts into the aggregate oblivious to the age can best be summed up in his proverb: bene visit qui bene latuit One lives best by the concealed life. Bacon restored the Rosicrucian Mystery School and the Freemasons, and infused new life into these mystery brotherhood social orders so they became vehicles for the new Baconian theory of reason and logical enquiry. Bacon, similar to Goethe, hated information that didn't prompt activity and furthermore hated the forswearing of wickedness in ourselves. Bacon was appreciative to Machiavelli for his blunt evaluation of the shadow side of human instinct in governmental issues: We are under obligation to Machiavelli, and scholars of that sort, who straightforwardly and exposed pronounce what men do truth be told, and not what they should do; for it is difficult to join the insight of the snake and the honesty of the bird, without the valuable information on the idea of evil. Bacons works add ress all parts of mankind legislative issues, religion, philosophy, logical technique, however his most splendid perceptions are mental. Foretelling the revelations via Carl Jung about the idea of the oblivious and the shadow side of man, Bacon perceived that the evil of man ought to be perceived and managed transparently, not quelled and embodied as the devil.â [7]â In current political vernacular, Bacon was a moderate. He considered a to be Government as one which was kindhearted without the most exceedingly terrible abundances of tyranny by rulers, or by the dominant part equivalent to Machiavelli. It is nearly without case that any legislature was unprosperous under scholarly governors.â â [8]â In science, Bacon looked for nothing not exactly the remaking of a framework that could be applied to the alleviation of keeps an eye on anguish. He developed another Classification of Science (The Advancement of Learning, 1603-05), depicted another technique for the Interpretation of Nature (Things Thought and Seen, 1607, Thread of the Labyrinth, 1606, Novum Organum, 1608-20). He explored the marvels of nature in Natural History (1622), and indicated how the essayists of the past had propelled their realities to the hour of Bacon in Forest of Forests, distributed in 1624. Bacon recorded expectations of logical outcomes he felt would originate from use of his techniques in On Origins (1621). Because of applying these standards, he portrayed the premise of another general public that would develop in The New Atlantis (1624). This Magna Instauratio, the incredible reproduction, was enlivened by the vision Bacon had in his childhood, and was an enormous assignment unprecedented througho ut the entire existence of thought. As Bacon expressed in the prelude to Magna Instauratio. furthermore, I am working to establish the framework not of any group or teaching, yet of utility and force. To Bacon, Knowledge is power, not unimportant contention or trimming. In Advancement of Learning, Bacon recommended that all everyday issues had sound standards and an observational premise: medication, brain science, even dreams, expectations and other mysterious wonders. However he ends up at ground zero toward the finish of this review, inferring that science should be guided by theory. Bacon applies this to politics.â [9]â Examination Hobbes and Machiavelli on Human Nature Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679), whose current notoriety lays to a great extent on his political way of thinking, was a scholar with wide-running interests. In reasoning, he safeguarded a scope of realist, nominalist, and empiricist sees against Cartesian and Aristotelian other options. In material science, his work was compelling on Leibniz, and leads him into debates with Boyle and the experimentalists of the early Royal Society. Ever, he deciphered Thucydidess History of the Peloponnesian Warâ into English, and later composed his own history of the Long Parliament. In science he was less fruitful, and is best associated with his rehashed ineffective endeavors to square the circle. In any case, regardless of that, Hobbes was a genuine and unmistakable member in the scholarly existence of his time.â [10]â Thomas Hobbes and Machiavelli shared a shared characteristic in the timespan in which they each lived. Isolated by around 100 years, the two masterminds were concentrating on political hypothesis. Hobbes hypothesis would in general spotlight on the implicit agreement between a people and its legislature. Machiavellis hypothesis concentrated on the qualities that shaped a fruitful ruler. Analyzing the two hypotheses, an examination is clear in that Machiavelli and Hobbes both appear to talk about the human instinct of society. In Leviathan, Thomas Hobbes sees human instinct as individual self-conservation and as a position of steady war. There is a consistent battle between men. What causes this contention among men? Hobbes accepts that opposition and brilliance causes war between men. He says, If two men want something very similar, which all things considered the two of them can't appreciate, they become adversaries to pulverize each other. He reasons that self-protection is the best way to defend from being crushed. The main w

The Male Versus Female Power Struggle Between Two Character In Etta Jo

The male versus female force battle between two character in Etta johnson, a portion from gloria naylor's novel The Woman of brewster place: An epic in seven stories represents the contention of character's expectration. Both etta mae johnson and Rev. morelond woods need diverse futeres for thier relationship. etta johnson is searching for a drawn out relationship that involes marriage. Fire up. woods need a now and later relationship that includes having intercourse now and perhaps returning to his accomplice later without being committrd to that individual. Fire up. Moreland wood has very surprising thought processes in their relationship. tta johnson is jobless and searching for a man to deal with her. Etta companion Mattie adised her to meet a, man who'd be not kidding about settling down with you(330) Mattie doesn't feel that the evangelist is a decent contender for marriage, yet etta is content with her endeavors to cause the occupants of Brewster to, be murmuring an alternate tune whe (she appear there the spouse of a major preacher(331) Etta discovers that she is utilized for sex as force isn't incredible enough to cause the Rev. to need to wed her. Fire up. woods is searching for something less submitting that marriage. woods is searching for a one time occasion and thinks about his experience with etta as agame. Fire up. woods calls etta worldy women(333) and lauds her on her insight and comprehension the tempory shortcoming of the fragile living creature and don't describe it as an option that could be greater than is in spite of the fact that she wants more. Fire up Mouland Woods gets what he needs from this relationship, sex. Etta johnson is the washout of the force battles and furthermore of her pride. Subsequent to escaping Rev. woods vehicle, Etta remains on the corner in a drooped position as the fire up spectators her in his rearview reflect this image of her, made him push down onthe accelerator,(333)illustrates his dread of responsibility. etta's wrecked spirit(333) shower her failure of not discovering adoration, duty and somebody who thinks about her. Despite the fact that the two character have various intentions, the two of them picked up something from their experience. Fire up. woods get what he is looking for , a sexual relationship without responsibility. Etta johnson doesn't get a proposition of marriage, yet she gets a rude awakening coming about inher information on her destiny. fire up. woods is the supporter of this force battle.

The Benefits of Journaling for Stress Management

The Benefits of Journaling for Stress Management Stress Management Management Techniques Print The Benefits of Journaling for Stress Management By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Updated on September 05, 2019 How Stress Impacts Your Health Overview Signs of Burnout Stress and Weight Gain Benefits of Exercise Stress Reduction Tips Self-Care Practices Mindful Living Tetra Images - Yuri Arcurs / Getty Images Journaling generally involves the practice of keeping a diary or journal that explores thoughts and feelings surrounding the events of your life. There are several different ways to do this. Journaling, as a stress management and self-exploration tool, works best when done consistently, but even occasional, sporadic journaling can be stress relieving when the practice is focused on gratitude or emotional processing. One of the most effective ways to reduce stress with journaling is to  write in detail about feelings and thoughts related to stressful events, as one would discuss topics in therapy, and brainstorm solutions, but there are several different ways to practice journaling.  The method you choose can depend on your needs at the time, and your personality; just do what feels right. The Benefits of Journaling Journaling allows people to clarify their thoughts and feelings, thereby gaining valuable self-knowledge. It’s also a good problem-solving tool; oftentimes, one can hash out a problem and come up with solutions more easily on paper. Journaling about traumatic events helps one process them by fully exploring and releasing the emotions involved, and by engaging both hemispheres of the brain in the process, allowing the experience to become fully integrated within one’s mind.  Journaling can also help you to focus on areas of your life that you like to focus on more often, as is the case with gratitude journaling or even coincidence journaling.?? As for the health benefits of journaling, theyve been scientifically proven. Research shows the following: Journaling decreases the symptoms of asthma, arthritis, and other health conditions.??It improves cognitive functioning.??It can strengthen immune system response.??It can counteract many of the negative effects of stress.?? What Are The Drawbacks to Journaling? Those with learning disabilities may find it difficult to deal with the act of writing itself. Perfectionists may be so concerned with the readability of their work, their penmanship, or other periphery factors that they can’t focus on the thoughts and emotions they’re trying to access. Others may get tired hands, or be reluctant to relive negative experiences. And, journaling only about your negative feelings without incorporating thoughts or plans may actually cause more stress.  (A simple way to counteract this is to be sure you end your journaling sessions with a few words about potential solutions to your problems, things you appreciate in your life, or things that give you hope in life.) How Does Journaling Compare to Other Stress Management Practices? Unlike more physical stress management techniques, such as yoga or exercise, journaling is a viable option for the disabled. And, although some prefer to use a computer, journaling requires only a pen and paper, so it’s less expensive than techniques that require the aid of a class, book, teacher or therapist, such as biofeedback or yoga. Journaling doesn’t release tension from your body like progressive muscle relaxation, guided imagery, and other physical and meditative techniques, however. But it’s a great practice for overall stress reduction as well as self-knowledge and emotional healing. Journaling Strategies to Try Journaling is a highly effective tool for stress relief and can take several forms, so there are multiple options that can work for you. If you already have a favorite journaling habit, by all means, keep it up! But you may want to try something new in addition to it. And if youre new to journaling, here are several practices to try. See what works best for you. Gratitude Journal: Some people keep a daily gratitude journal where they list three or more aspects of each day for which they are grateful. This is a highly effective strategy for relieving stress because it helps you to focus on the resources you have in your life already and create a more positive mood at the moment, both of which have been shown to build long-term resilience. A bonus benefit is that you are left with a record of the many nice things that have happened throughout your days, so if youre feeling down in the future, you can cheer yourself up with a few pages of reminders for the things you have to appreciate in life.Emotional Release: You may also write about your emotional responses to events that have happened throughout the day as a way of coping with the  stress. This can help you to process what you are feeling and perhaps even explore more positive reframing options. When writing about positive experiences, this allows you the ability to maximize and savor the positive feelings you may have for the good things that have happened in your day.  This is also a great way to expand on the positive and manage the negative things that happen in your life, increasing your positivity ratio, which is an important aspect of stress management.Bullet Journal or Personal Planning Journal: Some people simply keep journals to track what they need to do each day, goals they have, memories they create, and other things they dont want to forget. Because writing things down can help keep your mind uncluttered and help you to remember whats important to you, this can relieve stress as well. Being more organized and balanced is a great way to feel less stressed. And remember, if you find yourself not keeping a regular schedule with journaling, its a habit you can resume at any time. You dont have to journal every day in order for it to work for youâ€"a few times a week is still highly beneficial, and even journaling on an as-needed basis brings benefits.?? If you had a journaling habit and stopped because life got in the way, rememberâ€"any day is a good day to get back into the habit!

A Interview With My Director We Discussed Mcclellands...

During my interview with my director we discussed McClelland’s Three-Needs Theory. This theory asserts that employees acquire one or more of three types of â€Å"needs† that motivate them to excel at work—the need for achievement (â€Å"nAch†), the need for power (â€Å"nPow†), and the need for affiliation (â€Å"nAff†). He we asked how these needs have impacted him throughout his career with managing employees, managing managers, and how these needs have changed in himself throughout his own career. One thing that surprised me the most in the interview is when we discussed his needs throughout his career and how they fit into this theory. In our course module it is said that it is understood that the best managers tend to be higher nPow and lower nAff, as†¦show more content†¦This was a significant pay cut from this previous job and gave him much less power than he would have had as a vice president, but as he expressed to me he has a much higher nAff and nAch than nPow. With this role he took on he could be a part of the team and be available to all of us. Building a successful department and being our leader gives him that ability to meet his nAff needs by being more involved with the day to day actions and his nAch needs are met by building the most successful department in the organization. He states that his current day needs match the needs he had as a young employee long ago. Similarly according to Seiver and Troja (2014) two studies were conducted to examine the relationship between motivational variables and satisfaction and success in online learning. College students enrolled in face-to-face psychology classes and who had taken at least one online course were surveyed. In study number 2, two hypotheses were tested: Students high in need for mastery would be more satisfied with online learning and more successful in school. Neither of these hypotheses was supported. The results from these two studie s suggest that the need for affiliation may play a significant role in a student’s satisfaction with their

Kate Chopin s An Hour - 857 Words

When an author uses humanistic elements in his or her writing, such as emotion, those works tend to hold more meaning to the reader. Emotion can serve as the catalyst within literature in order to give the audience something to empathize upon. This technique allows the author to make a direct connection with the reader since he or she probably has an understanding of how various emotions can effect an individual; this is a consequence of being human. The broad variety of different emotions that Kate Chopin fit into â€Å"The Story of an Hour† presents the story with a perspective that is very intelligible. While some readers may not understand what it is like to live a sheltered life due to marital convention, Chopin laid out the emotional path that the protagonist takes and simplified it into individual, coherent feelings that a woman in the late nineteenth-century might have went through under these circumstances; she did an efficient job at telling the story of shock, suspe nse, and surprise during this poor lady’s last hour. Mrs. Mallard is described as a young woman with a heart condition that prevents her from getting too riled up without running the risk of working her heart to death; it could be said that this is a representation of married women living during this time period. As it is stated in the story, she has â€Å"a fair, calm face, whose lines besp[ea]k repression† and up to this point has not been at liberty to openly express these emotions due to her shelteredShow MoreRelatedKate Chopin s An Hour1812 Words   |  8 PagesAuthor Kate Chopin is famous for some of the most influential feminist stories and novels in the Western canon. â€Å"The Story of an Hour† is one such text. In this story, Chopin tackles many of the concerns that are essential to feminism, including the willpower and expression of a woman’s distinctive identity separate from the identity of her husband and the right of a woman to identify an d experience her own interests. While there is an aspect of this story that is provocative, namely, that Mrs. MallardRead MoreKate Chopin s An Hour899 Words   |  4 PagesThe author has to choose the gender of their main character, and by Kate Chopin choosing a woman it set a completely different mood to the story rather than it being a man. The time this story was written were women were suppose to be submissive and loyal to their husbands, caring and nurturing for their children, and well-bred, catering hostesses. If a woman were to overstep such boundaries, she would be considered unladylike, scandalous, or even immoral. Society looks differently upon a personRead MoreKate Chopin s The Hour1361 Words   |  6 PagesStory of the Hour† has been whether or not Mrs. Mallard was oppressed in her marriage or if she was depressed due to the lack of time she and her husband spent together. Time plays a crucial role in the story, from the time they have spent together, to the per iod of the story, and to the short time in which the story takes place. â€Å"The Story of the Hour,† is a story written by feminist author, Kate Chopin in 1894 that deals with marital instability from a woman’s perspective. Chopin, whose husbandRead MoreKate Chopin s An Hour1273 Words   |  6 Pagesthe probation to ban the consumptions of alcohol, because alcohol attributed to their husbands’ abusive behaviors. Three stories serve as great examples for how women were treated/viewed in overtime. One of those stories is the story of â€Å"An Hour†, by Kate Chopin, which shows us how shows us how women were in oppressive marriages and desired freedom. Another story called â€Å"Proof†, which was written by David Auburn, demonstrates the negative treatment of women in a male dominated work force. Finally,Read MoreKate Chopin s The Story Of An Hour1579 Words   |  7 PagesKate Chopin’s The Story of an Hour written in 1984 is a story of a wom an who, through the erroneously reported death of her husband, experienced true freedom. Both tragic and ironic, the story deals with the boundaries imposed on women by society in the nineteenth century. The author Kate Chopin, like the character in her story, had first-hand experience with the male-dominated society of that time and had experienced the death of her husband at a young age. The similarity between Kate Chopin andRead MoreKate Chopin s The Story Of An Hour1336 Words   |  6 Pagesstatus in society as married women. In the story of an hour, the author, Kate Chopin describes the emotions of a woman who is married and tied down to this oath for the rest of her life. The author uses the ways of the society during that time to construct a story that accurately reflects the feelings of majority of women of that time. The goal of the story is to examine how women were indirectly oppressed during those times. The story of an hour is an interesting short story that begin with tellingRead MoreKate Chopin s Story Of The Hour Essay982 Words   |  4 PagesKate Chopin was an American author who wrote two novels that got published and at least a hundred short stories. In Kate’s short story The Story of the Hour she uses some of her traumatic event that happened in her lifespan in the short story even though it the story is fictional. A lot of her fictions were set in Louisiana and her best-known works focused on the lives of sensitive intelligent women. One-third of Mrs. Chopin’s stories are children’s stories. A lot of Mrs. Chopin’s novels were forgottenRead MoreKate Chopin s The Hour928 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Story of The Hour† fully answers its title. It is a story about a woman living her last hour. Not so many things happen during that hour, but in contrast, many thoughts fly through main character’s head and a reader can form an accurat e portrait of a woman’s life from these thoughts. Somebody tells her that her husband is dead. After that she dives into the whirl of thoughts regarding the impact of husband’s death on her future. Some facts or beliefs make this woman think that her husband’sRead MoreKate Chopin s Story Of An Hour993 Words   |  4 Pageswriter’s base their stories of real life experiences and feelings. Kate Chopin largely based her stories off of her own life. Kate Chopin spent her childhood years in an alternative and matriarchal Louisiana town with a family that was unconventional. She challenged her nineteenth century sexist society and used her own life to put strength and feminism into her stories like â€Å"The Storm†, â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† and of course â€Å"The Story of an Hour†. She lived with her mother, grandmother and great grandmotherRead MoreKate Chopin s The Story Of An Hour1921 Words   |  8 Pagesapproaches. For Kate Cho pin, the famous author of â€Å"The Awakening† and â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, her most successful approach was to provide audiences with short stories that proposed meaningful and strong messages. However, Kate Chopin’s powerful feminist images that were present throughout her writing has mostly flaunted Chopin as only a â€Å"pioneering feminist writer,† which has led to other messages Chopin incorporated in her writing into being overlooked. In Kate Chopin’s, â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, the short

Trapped Characters Free Essays

The main characters in this play are trapped by either design or circumstance in a situation. This means that away from the story line each character is trying to escape from their own little entrapment brought on from either another or that character itself. Little Voice is the most trapped. We will write a custom essay sample on Trapped Characters or any similar topic only for you Order Now Mari, Ray say and Mr Boo trap her all in their own special ways. The only times in the play when she has escaped, is when her Dad visits her in her dreams, when she listens to her records and at the end of the play when Billy comes to rescue Little Voice from the fire. The structure of this play goes as follows†¦. Introduction, leading on to the big scene, major scene, The die down where everything starts to go wrong and then the last scene where everybody leaves their past roots and starts up a new life this is also known as escaping from the old and going to the new. The scene where Little Voice escapes, I think, is shown in two places, where Little Voice and Mari are having an argument and Mari is trying to force Little Voice in staying with her†¦. â€Å"Mari: LV†Ã¢â‚¬  I beseech you. I beseech you, LV.† â€Å"I beseech you! I beseech you!†Ã¢â‚¬  LV:† Ma names Laura. And then Laura leaves Mari by herself, and they are both alone now. These few lines are showing Mari begging for LV’s forgiveness. The other showing of escape with LV is when she goes to see Billy right at the end of the play, to exercise his birds and she lets the dove go free, which can also symbolise freedom. I think that the only person in this drama that doesn’t escape was Sadie. I think this because, She was actually always trapped by Mari, She was just tagging along all of he time, towards the end Mari told her to go away by saying, â€Å"Your too quiet to be my friend you, Fuck off† But then at the end of the play when Ray leaves Mari she goes running back to Sadie. As you can see Sadie just goes along with whatever Mari says because she would never be able to get a word in edge ways. I think that this is why at the end of the play LV escapes and says what she has to say. These few lines show how LV and Mari are totally different. Jim Cartwright shows great structure in this play by wrapping each scene around the man character for that scene. This works very well because it shows each character in detail, for example their highlights or their downside to them. Each character has its own different function†¦. LV: She is the structure of what the play goes around. She starts off as a quiet little nothing that is always getting in the way of Mari and Ray, She is also at the beginning of the play a ‘silent’ character, as she never says anything, it s almost like she is either autistic or as if she has just recovered from traumatic experience. But by the end of the play she has come alive, as now she has overcome her fears of other people tormenting her. I found that each character had another character that was similar to the other in some way, Mari and Ray Say, they were both loud, argumentative, they both only loved Little Voice for her money, and they both had a poor ending when LV said that she didn’t want to do another show because neither of them never listened to what she had to say, so by the end of the film there was nowhere for them to go so they would have to start a new life with nothing. The next two characters that resembled one another in some way were Sadie and George. Most people see these two as background characters as they hardly ever speak and they are only in that scene so that another one of the characters can speak. I feel that these two people get pushed out of the play a lot. Billy pushes out George and Mari and Ray Say elbow Sadie out. Finally you can guess who is coming next, yes, Little Voice and Billy, They both start off as somewhat quiet characters as when they first meet it seems like neither of them have a tongue, But by the end of the play they have gradually worked themselves up to be the bravest and the most powerful characters as they both have each other and they haven’t lost anything (that they wanted!) through this whole situation. This likeness of characters and consequences is called echoing. There are lot of key lines in this play that represent what will/can happen in the future of the play, for example, Mari: And looky here, LV. Prink prink. As we leave, star spangling down the club, the artiste, the minder and the Mum. This is important in the play as Mari is thinks that everything is going to be great in the future but doesn’t realise that Little Voice only said that she wanted to do the performance once, and the audience realise this, so they know that everything is going to go wrong towards the end, as well you see her dad wave goodbye at the end of her performance (only in the play) which could mean that she isn’t going to sing in front of an audience as she will only perform when her dad is watching. Another key line could be†¦. Ray: For god sake, wise up and fuck off. This is a key line because, Ray is trying to tell Mari that all he wants is Little Voice for the money, but he is trying to tell her in a blunt kind of way so that (as he thinks) he will not hurt her feelings as much as he would of if he had just walked out, and as well he is just arguing with her to try and blame her but really it is his fault because he just used Mari to get to Little Voice. The most useful/ base of the play moment is when Ray Say and Mr Boo hear Little Voice for the first time outside her bedroom. This is important because straight after that clip Cartwright shows to the audience that Ray is using Mari, he displays this by†¦. They were all (Ray, Mr Boo Mari) going down to the pub, and Mari calls him along and he says that he wants to stay and listen to her, which makes Mari realise that maybe he is using her as the day before he said to Mr Boo that she’s the one, and Mari thought that he was talking about herself. I fell that this play was set in the end of the 1990’s by reason of that mobile phones were not invented, The BT van was quite modern and that the costume and staging was of modern times. The language too was very modern and simple; you could tell that the characters were of a lower class just by looking at the scenery, housing and language used, for example there is a lot of slang going on especially between Mari and Ray when they are mucking around, i.e. Mari: See ’em all standin’ up then? In some cases this could show that they are both quite common, which could prove my point of them being lower class and quite poor. My favourite part in this play is at the end where Ray thinks that LV has gone mad on him because she starts acting like here heroes, (Judy Garland, Marilyn Monroe and Shirley Bassey), to try and scare him away to get him to leave her alone, besides that it is quite a shock as you are not expecting her to act like this which is good because it shows that Herman (director) has done this purposely to fool the audience. How to cite Trapped Characters, Papers

Marketing Plan for Oxfam Australia-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Plan for Oxfam Australia. Answer: Introduction A business document which can be utilized by any of the business corporation for outlining the marketing tactics and the strategies can be termed as a marketing plan. The above mentioned concept is a broader term and involves a varied range significant approaches and models which are liable in impacting the business environment of the business organization. The document also describes the advertising and marketing efforts which are required to be implemented by the corporation for attaining the long term results. The marketing plan is not a static document like a business plan, it requires timely modifications and changes, as the business grows and also as per the changing trends of marketing (Anheier, 2014). A marketing plan is a detailed description of the activities which are involved in attaining some specific marketing objectives for a time being. It also aids in determining the current position of the business corporation in the market place, targets segmented, marketing mix us ed and also the marketing goals which are to be accomplished. The marketing plan is a formal document but can also be used as an informal one and this makes it very flexible. The main purpose of developing a marketing plan is to set the entity on a specific path in terms of marketing. This document has also been considered as general responsibility from the leaders and the marketing team to lead the entity towards a winning direction. The below executed analysis has been made focus on the marketing plan of Oxfam Australia is an Australian, autonomous, not-revenue driven, common, group based guide and advancement association, and a member of Oxfam International. The business entity believes that all human being and their lives are equal and no individual should live in poverty. Moreover the entity believes that they are on the grounds of empowering the society for tackling the issue of poverty. The below mentioned are the main components on which the marketing plan has been developed . Situational analysis Description of consumers and market The business corporation's target market offers focus to individuals who need help from various worldwide parts that basically depend on the beneficent association's division (Hollensen and Opresnik, 2015). Moreover, Oxfam Australia also concentrates on neediness, education family, and well-being. The association's demands get impacted by different determinants like world's financial conditions and different political events and happenings on the planet like infection flare-up and psychological warfare. In addition, it is likewise vital to stress on the different showcasing arrangements being used by Oxfam in advancing their backings over the world. In the 21st century, both profit and non-profit organizations confront various difficulties. The quick economy condition changes in global and national circle require these organizations to recreate and actualize new destinations, procedures to address the new difficulties. The objectives and systems are valuable for the organization to appreciate an upper-hand. As a non-profit corporation, Oxfam faces different difficulties and changes concerning atmosphere changes alongside its results, financial crises and famines, vitality confinement, worldwide monetary emergencies, weapons multiplication, common assets deficiencies, and urbanization. Market analysis: Pestle analysis For adoption of the above-discussed challenges, the business organization requires to determine the environment and the market factors along with the variable which are liable in impacting the objectives, business directions and tactics (Judd, 2013). These factors are segmented into two major categories .i.e. macro and micro environment which is as follows: Political: There are different political elements that impact OXFAM in assorted ways. Initially, Oxfam has a tendency to take after the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 as they have impaired people who work for the firm. The corporation does not look after who has been working for the firm as it is a charity. Furthermore, the firm ought to likewise withstand the Sex Discrimination Act as the firm is based on charity and they need to acknowledge each individual who needs to be a volunteer (Jungbok, 2015). The law additionally requires the firm to give money to any person who needs both female and male. Finally, the National Minimum Wage Law does not commit the workers who are volunteers to get paid. Economic: The primary factors that influence Oxfam financially are the compensation levels, energy price, and labor demand and supply. Pay levels impact Oxfam in both awful and great ways. It is because workforce within Oxfam are volunteers and the main staff as the manager gets paid for the work done by them. In this way, therefore, there is a need of saving money by keeping the wages as low as conceivable in order to spare the money for the people who are in poverty and suffering. Energy prices affect Oxfam negatively as the firm needs to pay for power and energy which is utilized by them; consequently, this implies that this will lessen their donations. Social: It has been observed that there are no factors which impose effects on the organization as it is totally dependent on charity and also there are no requirements of any kinds of hosting done by celebrities and sports events, as there is no need of advertising or promotion on such a big platform. The corporation can be promoted through T.V and also small scale advertisers can be approached for doing the same. Aging population ha has been considered as one of the factors which stimulate Oxfam and it has also been observed that population has various positive effects of the charitable organizations, as it has been experienced that the old age individuals are found kinder in giving of donations to the charities like Oxfam. Technological: Internet, T.V, and radio are considered as the technological components which are liable in stimulating the business organization (Kotler, 2012). The Internet is used as the platform for making advertisements of the charity events and all other events which are made by Oxfam. Moreover, the official website of the business entity is also made available for the donations, whoever is interested in making charity; they can make use of the online portal and make the transactions. The other products and the services are made available to the consumers through an internet. On the other hand radio and TV is used by the business organizations for promoting the products to the local audience Industry analysis Oxfam is a multinational confederation that includes 17 firms which are operating in 94 economies over the globe for finding solutions to poverty and injustice if any. The main objective of the firm is to aid the individuals in attaining their rights along with managing their lives. The business entity is directly associated with the communities and has been focusing in stimulating them (Lune, 2014). The business entity is focusing on increasing the standard of living of the poor individuals. Moreover, the business corporation is also recognized a significant part of the worldwide developmental organization which is assisting in mobilizing the power of individuals so as to minimize global poverty. The business entity is majorly engaged in equipping the individuals and needed ones with practical and innovative skills as well as resources. Competitors analysis: SWOT analysis SWOT analysis is one of the models which can be utilized by Oxfam for determining the strength and weakness of the organization. This approach proves beneficial in developing the business strategies and plans for tackling with the competitors and sustaining in the business environment. Moreover, this analysis also enables the firm in developing the future plans against the threats and grabbing the relevant and appropriate opportunities. The below presented is a detailed description of the strength, weakness, opportunities and the threats of Oxfam Australia: Strength: Global supporters are considered as one of the biggest strength of the business entity and also the affiliates networks. The goals and values of the business organization are clearly defined and which makes the entity more strong. The organization also has a long and successful program history. Weaknesses The business entity should try to focus more on the safety and security of the employees and the volunteers (Businesscasestudies 2017). Moreover, the corporation is lacking in sense of consistency and accountability throughout the partners and the firm. Competition from the other organizations can also be considered as one of the weakness for the business entity. Opportunities: The business is more into providing commitments to the customers, regarding the services and products. This develops a trust among the clients and the customers and which will increase the goodwill of the corporation. A commitment should be focused towards the missions and the goals of the business entity. Threats: The business entity has been facing problems due to the lack of support of the communities. As the business entity has been working on the charity basis, s there are very fewer employees and volunteers which are committed towards the work. Critical issues The business corporation has been facing some issues due to the failure of the product launch, for instance, the product launch was not as good as expected of the exact loktha paper produced by the mulberry paper. The business organization has been following infringement policy and also the cost structure is also not clear which has been developed as the serious concern for the entity. Oxfam has been facing serious issues from the Bhaktapur craft papers and mulberry papers. Availability of the labor is also one of the main concern for the entity (Beneke and Trappler, 2015). Marketing objectives and Strategies Critical issues Bad quality of products Intense competition due to the competitors like Bhaktapur craft papers Cost structure is unclear Excessive labor cost Untrained labors The below mentioned are the strategies and the plans which should be implemented by the organization in order to provide the solution to the above-presented issues: Improved and better methodologies can be utilized by Oxfam Australia so as to bring enhancements in the quality of the products (Ghiassi, Skinner Zimbra, 2013). This all can be done by adopting contemporary tools and technological mechanisms so ass to implement this strategy. Developing the products and quality and services will automatically enhance the value of the company which develops ways of sustaining in the competitive environment. Provision of proper training sessions for the labors and the workforce so as to develop their efficiency and potential. Adoption of better and improved techniques will enhance the productivity and efficiency of the labors and in-turn the company will be capable of retaining the employees and this will minimize labor cost. Products Oxfam has been referred as a charity brand name and is majorly involved in offering the services to the poor individuals in the economies. The business entity has launched a product by name the name of Ox-lokta paper and the same will be available in the market in the form of bundle or copies (Anheier, 2014). This paper is manufactured from the bark of the trees like evergreen shrubs etc. This paper is of fine quality and can be utilized for various printing and writing purposes and also for producing drawing sheets. The paper is eco-friendly and can is also not harmful to the environment. Marketing objectives Marketing goals and the objectives are the standards which are been prescribed by the management and marketing heads. These objectives are required to be accomplished by the marketing team that too with an effectiveness and efficiency (Berman, 2015). The below presented are the marketing objectives which are required to be attained by the marketing team of Oxfam Australia: The business entity needs to plan for adoption of the contemporary means and mediums of promotions and advertising so as to increase the brand awareness and which will also enhance the market share. To promote the products and services on global platforms so as to maximize the international charities through a partnership with various community associations. Marketing strategies Targeting: The targeting strategies of Oxfam have been developed on the basis of two major segmentation and which are behavioral and cultural segmentation. Behavioral segmentation: The item will be purchased by people who are profoundly proficient (Upson et al., 2012) Medium level use associations basically will utilize this item Cultural segmentation Religion is likewise essential. Essentially utilized by religious individuals in composing otherworldly considerations Targeting alludes to making a gathering or things an objective to be followed up on. At the point when a firm comprehends its objective market, correspondence ends up noticeably less demanding among the firm and the intended interest group. Oxfam magnanimous association target advertise incorporates the people living in poor conditions and requires help from each religion, districts, range, and so on around the globe (Yu, Wang and Brouthers, 2015). The association's objective market additionally focuses on people living bad form particularly young ladies and ladies. Positioning: Situating alludes to a marketing strategy that spotlights on making a brand involve the particular position about the competing brands and clients mind. The traits that get attributed by the customers incorporate its standing quality, the sort of individuals utilizing the items, the strength and weakness alongside any paramount or unordinary attributes represented, the cost and spoke to esteem Oxfam key situating depends on what the firm does, offer and what characterizes Oxfam. The firm fundamental target is to help the destitute individuals, and that treated with shameful acts (Pavlou and Stewart, 2015). The firm offers philanthropies to the needy individuals and helps the individuals who are dealt with unfairness to battle for their rights. Hence, Oxfam is a magnanimous association. Ansoff matrix The business model suggests four major marketing strategies which hinge on the new r the existing products and the services of the business organization. This approach also provides focus on the markets whether it is new or an existing one. All the four strategies are having differing levels of risks and are explained below for Oxfam Australia: Market penetration According to this strategy, the Oxfam will be involved in expanding the market share inside existing business sector portions (Oxfam 2017). This can be accomplished by offering more products and services to the well-established clients or by finding new clients inside existing markets. In this strategy, the business entity will have to adopt a low pricing strategy so as to develop the market share in a new region. Product development In this concept, Oxfam will be making modifications and development of existing products and introduction of new products for existing markets. Product development includes thinking or developing an idea about the requirements of the customers and how they can be addressed so as to provide customer satisfaction. Market development This strategy will require the business entity to adapt better and improved mechanisms for finding new markets and regions for existing products. Marketing segmentation and further segmentation of business sectors distinguish new gatherings of clients. DiversificationThis strategy will be aiding the business entity by moving new products into new markets and regions (Jennifer, Isely Fidel, 2009). It has been considered as one of the most hazardous methodologies. The more the business entity will move far from what it has done in the past the more vulnerability are made. Nonetheless, if existing exercises are undermined, broadening spreads chance. Marketing mix Decisions and Actions Product: Oxfam has been introduced as a charity brand name and is significantly associated with offering the administrations to the poor people in the economies. The business corporation has introduced a new product by name of Ox-lokta paper and a similar will be available in the market as package or copies. This paper is produced from the bark of the trees like evergreen bushes and so on. This paper is of fine quality and can be used for different printing and composing purposes and furthermore to produce drawing sheets. The paper is eco-accommodating and can is likewise not destructive for the earth. Price: Price is the value for the products and the services offered by the corporation and also the success and failure of the product depends on the same (Smith, 2014). The prices of the products in Oxfam Australia differ on the basis of the materials used in manufacturing. For instance, a minimum price of the paper is 5 Australian dollars and a maximum is 25 Australian dollars. Market penetration strategy is the initial strategy adopted by the firm. Place: The major focus of the entity is diversifying the business all over Australia and various strategies are being utilized for attaining this objective (Kaufmann, 2012). Distribution channels like wholesalers, retailers, and outlets are utilized by the corporation to spread its item. The association has additionally reached schools and universities to appropriate its services and products. Promotion: The business entity has been making use of the internet as a major medium of promotion and additionally radio and T.V has been used by the entity for advertising the products and the services (Reich, 2017). Moreover, for making the availability of the products in international markets, contemporary mediums should be adopted. People: The business entity has a limited availability of labor and workforce which are engaged in the processes and operations. Process: The organization is involved in providing services to the poor individuals through the various affiliates spread all over the region. The services are offered on the basis of the issues faced by the individual. Physical evidence: The online portal and the websites are the online means of executing business and it aids in providing relevant information about the firm. Action plan Marketing program Expected outcomes Implementation period Advertisement and promotion through media This will develop awareness through successful media advertisements (Hollensen, 2015) Work In Progress Social media events This will develop and enhance the partnerships and also brand awareness will also be created. Work In Progress Conclusion In the limelight of the above-executed analysis, it has been inferred that the Oxfam has been planning to expand the business which is a non-profit organization and hence the marketing plan for the same has been developed. The marketing plan comprises of various strategies and approaches which are required to be adopted by the business entity in order to attain the desired objectives. This marketing plan will also be aiding in determining the current position of the business entity in the market place. Recommendations Oxfam Australia should make use of effective marketing and promotional strategies in order to create awareness for the services and products in new and global regions. As the organization is facing issues in cost structure, so the entity should develop a clear, better and improved cost structure. Training sessions should be offered to the existing workforce so as to enhance their skills and capabilities. Reflective statement From the above carried out analysis, it has been concluded that the Oxfam has been planning for expansion and hence the above-mentioned marketing plan has been designed and developed. The marketing plan has been segmented in various stages which are described respectively. The first is Part A, which consists of the analysis of the market which is sub-divided into consumers segments, the likes, and perception of the consumers, the purchasing patterns and the trends in the market. The next part includes analysis over the three main factors which are significant for the marketing plan and .i.e. the industry, competitors and company analysis. For describing these factors use of the approaches such as Pest and SWOT has been adopted by the entity. And at last of this part, the critical issues faced by the organization have been discussed. The below mentioned are some of the issues which are presented in the marketing plan are considered as significant one: Bad quality of products Intense competition due to the competitors like Bhaktapur craft papers Cost structure is unclear Excessive labor cost Untrained labor The next is Part B, which comprises of the marketing strategies and the objectives which are essentially required to be attained by the business corporation. This part is subdivided into several parts respectively. First, the critical issues are linked with the strategies and then the recommendations over the same are presented. The further analysis consists of the description of the products offered by the entity, the marketing objectives which are pre-determined are required significantly attained. Next, the marketing strategies are mentioned which includes targeting strategy through which the business entity will be attaining the consumers and further the positioning strategy has been described through which the firm will establish the products and services in markets and new regions. The next is the Ansoff matrix which has been described for the marketing strategies which can be adopted by the organization while entering new markets. The further report comprises of marketing mixe s which include the 7 Ps. This approach will enable the business entity to develop the product and establish the market for the same in the new regions and all over Australia. And at last, an action plan has been developed for overcoming the issues and the difficulties which are being faced by the business organization References Anheier, H.K., 2014.Nonprofit organizations: Theory, management, policy. Routledge. 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